What is Gushu PuErh Tea?
Jul 24,2024 | TeaTsy Team
We know that Pu'er tea can be divided into two major categories: raw tea and shou tea. Gushu Pu'er tea can belong to either category, but this tea is made from ancient tea leaves that are more than 200 years old and stands out because of the age and quality of the tea trees it is picked from. This makes it different from other types of Pu'er tea.
What is Gushu Puerh?
Gushu Pu'er Tea, literally meaning "old tree" Pu'er Tea, is a highly regarded Pu'er tea made from ancient tea trees that are over 200 years old. These Gushu are often found in remote mountainous areas of Yunnan, China, and grow slowly, absorbing nutrients from deep in the soil. As a result, this tea has a rich aroma, a full-bodied taste, and a unique "tea intoxication" effect that many enthusiasts rave about.
The origins of Gushu Pu'er Tea can be traced back to the ancient tea plantations of Yunnan Province, where these ancient trees have been cultivated for centuries. There is much debate about the authenticity of Gushu Pu'er Tea. Some question whether this tea comes from ancient trees. Estimating the age of these trees is tricky. Researchers rely on the history of local tribes and the size of the trunks and branches to make educated guesses.
These tea trees are often grown in areas with ideal growing conditions, such as high altitudes, ample rainfall, and fertile soil. Specific areas known for producing the highest quality Gushu Pu'er Tea include Xishuangbanna, Lincang and Pu'er City, and Brown Mountain. Brown Mountain in Yunnan, is home to a wide variety of tea trees, from small trees to towering ancient trees. These ancient trees are huge, with thick trunks and sprawling branches, which are enough to prove their age.
Harvesting and Processing
The harvesting and processing of Gushu Pu'er tea is very delicate and labor-intensive. A full day's work by one person can produce about 15 kg of fresh leaves. Harvesting usually takes place in spring and autumn, and the tea leaves harvested in spring are of better quality because they are fresh, tender, and smooth. The tea leaves are all picked by hand to ensure that only the best quality tea leaves are selected. And the tea garden does not use pesticides to ensure the purity of the tea leaves.
After harvesting, the tea leaves undergo a series of traditional processes, including withering, frying, rolling, and drying. The tea leaves are then pressed into cakes or spread out. After processing, about 3.5 to 4 kg of finished tea can be made. The fermentation process can last from months to years, which will change the flavor of the tea, making it richer and more complex over time.
Characteristics and Flavor Profile
Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea is known for its unique characteristics and flavor profile. The tea soup is usually dark amber or reddish brown, indicating its aged nature. The aroma is rich and earthy, with notes of dried fruit, wood, and sometimes a hint of camphor or floral.
The taste is mellow and rich, with a smooth and silky mouthfeel. Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea usually has a natural sweetness with a slight bitterness and astringency. The aftertaste is called "huigan", which is pleasant and lingering, leaving a cool feeling in the mouth.
Types of Tea Trees
In Yunnan, you’ll encounter different types of tea trees:
- Xiao Shu (Small Tree): These are younger trees, around 20-30 years old. They're often found close to roads and yield the lowest quality tea.
- Zhong Shu (Middle Tree): These trees are about 50-80 years old. They provide better quality tea compared to Xiao Shu.
- Da Shu (Big Tree): These trees are over 100 years old but not yet ancient.
- Gu Shu (Ancient Tree): These are the real deal, over 200 years old, sometimes nearing 1,000 years. The tea from these trees is highly prized.
Brewing Tips
To fully appreciate Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea, it is essential to brew it correctly. Use freshly boiled water (about 95°C or 203°F) and steep the tea leaves for a short time, usually 10-30 seconds for the first brew, and gradually increase the brewing time. Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea can be steeped multiple times, and each brew will reveal different layers of flavor.
Related read: How to Brew Pu Erh Tea
The "Tea Drunk" Effect
One of the unique aspects of ancient tree pu-erh tea is the so-called "tea intoxication" effect, or "tea qi". It is a unique feeling, tingling, almost euphoric. Some people find it relaxing, while others find it energizing. This effect is attributed to the high concentrations of natural compounds such as caffeine and theanine found in the leaves of these ancient trees. The "tea intoxication" experience varies from person to person and is generally described as a feeling of heightened alertness and relaxation.
If you have the opportunity, try some of the best ancient tree teas, including a special batch from Laobanzhang, which is known as the "King of Pu-erh". This tea is amazing, with a rich honey flavor and a unique mineral taste. It is smooth and powerful and can feel invigorating.
Health Benefits
Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea is highly regarded for its potential health benefits. This tea is rich in antioxidants that help fight free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. Here are the main health benefits of Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea:
Antioxidant Effect
Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea is rich in a variety of antioxidants, such as tea polyphenols, catechins, and vitamin C. These antioxidants can neutralize free radicals in the body, reduce cell damage, slow the aging process, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
Promote Digestion
Ancient Tree Pu'er Tea helps promote digestion. The polyphenol compounds and microbial fermentation products in tea can stimulate gastric juice secretion, enhance digestive function, and help relieve indigestion, bloating, and other gastrointestinal discomfort. Drinking Pu'er tea can also increase gastric motility, promote the movement of food in the gastrointestinal tract, and improve digestion.
Lower Cholesterol
Studies have shown that Gushu Pu'er Tea helps lower blood cholesterol levels. The tea polyphenols in tea can inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, promote the metabolism and excretion of cholesterol, and reduce the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Support Cardiovascular Health
The polyphenol compounds and other active ingredients in this tea help improve cardiovascular health. They can lower blood pressure, reduce vascular inflammation, improve blood circulation, and prevent atherosclerosis. Long-term consumption of Pu'er tea may help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Improve Immunity
The antioxidants and probiotics in Gushu Pu'er tea help enhance immune system function. Antioxidants can protect immune cells from damage by free radicals, while probiotics can improve intestinal microbiota, enhance immune response, and help the body resist infection and disease.
Promote Intestinal Health
Gushu Pu'er tea produces rich probiotics during the fermentation process, which helps maintain the balance of intestinal microecology. Probiotics can promote intestinal health, improve digestive function, and enhance immunity. They can also inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and reduce the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases.
Regulate Weight
The tea polyphenols and caffeine in Pu'er tea can increase the metabolic rate, increase energy expenditure, and help lose weight and maintain weight. The active ingredients in the tea can also inhibit fat absorption, reduce fat accumulation, and promote fat decomposition.
To maximize the health benefits of Gushu Pu'er tea, it is recommended to drink it in moderation daily, usually 3-5 cups. It is recommended to choose high-quality Gushu Pu'er tea and try to avoid adding sugar or other additives when drinking to maintain its natural health properties.
Gifts for Tea Lovers
In Chinese culture, Gushu Pu'er tea is not only a drink, but also a symbol of cultural heritage and tradition. It is often given as a gift during important festivals and special occasions, carrying blessings and respect. The uniqueness of the Gushu Pu'er tea lies in its antiquity and rarity. Each leaf of tea condenses the essence of nature and the hard work of craftsmen, so it is highly valued. Giving Gushu Pu'er tea is not only a ritual but also a cultural heritage, reflecting the high respect and good wishes for the recipient.
In addition, Gushu Pu'er tea is also widely loved by collectors and connoisseurs for its excellent investment potential. Over time, the quality and value of aged tea cakes will increase significantly, so it has become a collection treasure for many people. The price of some high-quality Gushu Pu'er tea cakes in the market continues to appreciate with the increase of years, becoming an investment project with considerable returns.
(Nomad Portable Tea Set And Incense Burner/Holder)
So if your tea lover already has enough tea sets, as well as some tea accessories. He has also tasted various common teas, you might as well try giving Gushu Pu'er tea.